We dream about the events, both real and modified, of our waking life. Even when we dream about the future, we utilize the events, places, and people of the past. About 70% of dream content is drawn from the events of the previous day. (These are called day residue dreams.) Nevertheless, previous events are rarely replayed in their entirety. More often, fragments of these recent events are combined into novel scenarios that consist of a series of loosely connected remote and recent events. Why?
Consolidation of Memories
The fact that dreams focus on events of the very recent past supports a popular hypothesis that dreams are important for the consolidation of memories in the brain for long-term storage. Essentially, dreams are what we experience when the brain is involved in the reactivation and organization of memory traces into a pattern of neuronal connections that, in the future, will interact with each other in a new manner.
Objects and people in dreams are familiar. For example, if you have never met me, then you have never seen me in a dream. Also, no one on this planet has ever seen a true alien from another planet in their dreams. The events of our lives form the components of our dreams; we can mix them up to dream new objects or experiences, but the parts are always familiar.
All humans in our dreams are vertically symmetrical bipeds. Also, the content of our dreams often reflects our waking conceptions. If you’re a Republican during the day, you’re not likely to see yourself as a Democrat in your dreams. In support of this theory, studies of both rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and non-REM (NREM) sleep have reported that dreaming about recently experienced events or recently learned facts is associated with improved learning and performance.
In addition, this process during dreaming, particularly during REM sleep, is thought to create novel associations between recent life events and well-established memories. In addition, dreams that include past events may allow the brain to simulate potential future scenarios and then rehearse potential responses. Dreaming contributes to our survival.
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